Top 20 Interview Questions & Answers for Molecular Biology Scientist – 2025

Preparing for a job interview as a molecular biology scientist? This guide provides a list of essential questions and answers that will help you showcase your technical expertise, research skills, and experience in the rapidly evolving field of molecular biology. These questions cover all key areas of the job, from laboratory techniques to data analysis and communication abilities.

General Questions

• 1. Tell me about your background and experience in molecular biology.
  A: I have a Bachelor's degree in Molecular Biology and have been working as a research assistant in a molecular biology lab for the past 3 years. I have experience with various techniques such as PCR, gel electrophoresis, and DNA sequencing.
  
• 2. How do you stay updated with the latest developments and advancements in molecular biology?
  A: I regularly attend conferences and seminars related to molecular biology, read scientific journals, and follow prominent researchers and organizations on social media to stay updated.
  
• 3. How do you handle a situation where your experiment is not providing expected results?
  A: Firstly, I would try to understand the cause of the unexpected results by reviewing my protocols and previous experiments. If I am unable to identify the issue, I would consult my supervisor or fellow colleagues for their insights and suggestions.
  
• 4. Can you describe a project you worked on that required collaboration with a team?
  A: As a part of my research assistantship, I worked on a project where we were studying the effect of a specific gene on plant growth. I worked closely with a team of two other scientists, each with different areas of expertise. We regularly shared our progress and findings, and collaboratively analyzed the data to come to a conclusion.

Technical Skills & Experience

• 5. Can you explain the process of PCR and its different types?
  A: PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction and is a commonly used technique in molecular biology to amplify specific DNA sequences. There are three types of PCR - conventional PCR, qPCR (quantitative PCR), and digital PCR - each with its own differences in target detection and amplification methods.
  
• 6. How comfortable are you with DNA extraction and purification techniques?
  A: I am well-versed in a variety of DNA extraction and purification techniques, such as phenol-chloroform extraction, spin column purification, and magnetic bead-based extraction. I have also developed my own protocols for specific samples and have achieved high-quality DNA yields.
  
• 7. How do you design primers for PCR?
  A: I typically use online tools such as Primer3 or IDT's PrimerQuest to design primers based on specific criteria, such as GC content, melting temperature, and primer-dimer formation. I also perform a BLAST search to ensure the primer sequences do not have any homology to other regions of the genome.
  
• 8. What is RNA-seq and how is it used in molecular biology?
  A: RNA-seq, or RNA sequencing, is a high-throughput sequencing technique used to analyze the gene expression profiles of an organism. It provides a snapshot of all the expressed RNA in a biological sample, helping researchers understand gene function, genetic variation, and disease pathways.
  
• 9. Can you explain the process of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing?
  A: CRISPR-Cas9 is a genome editing technology that uses a guide RNA to target and cut specific sequences in the DNA. Once the DNA is cut, the cell's repair mechanism can be harnessed to either insert, replace, or delete specific genes. This technique has revolutionized molecular biology research due to its ease and precision.

Situational Questions

• 10. How would you deal with a contamination issue in the lab?
  A: If I suspect contamination, I will first check all my supplies, and if necessary, discard any contaminated reagents. I would then properly decontaminate the area before proceeding with my experiments. I would also take additional precautions, such as wearing new gloves and using sterile equipment after the incident.
  
• 11. What steps do you take to ensure the accuracy and reproducibility of your results?
  A: I make sure to accurately record all my protocols, methods, and experimental parameters. I also perform replicates of my experiments to ensure the results are reproducible. In case of any discrepancies or unexpected results, I repeat the experiment to confirm before moving on.
  
• 12. How do you handle a situation where you are unable to meet a project deadline?
  A: I always try to plan and manage my time efficiently to avoid missing deadlines. In case of unforeseen circumstances, I would communicate with my supervisor and team members, assess the situation, and come up with a plan to either adjust the timeline or delegate some tasks to ensure the project stays on track.
  
• 13. If a colleague suggests an alternative method for an experiment, but you have been assigned a specific protocol, how would you handle the situation?
  A: I would first discuss the alternative method with my colleague and gather information on its advantages and limitations. If it seems more appropriate for the experiment, I would discuss it with my supervisor and come to a consensus on which method to use.
  
• 14. How do you handle conflict in a team setting?
  A: I believe in open communication and try to address any conflicts or issues within the team as soon as they arise. I listen to all perspectives and try to find a solution that works for everyone. If the conflict persists, I would involve our supervisor or HR for mediation.

Cultural Fit Questions

• 15. How do you ensure the accuracy and integrity of your research data?
  A: I have a strong sense of ethics and abide by the professional standards of data collection and analysis. I also document all my protocols, methods, and any deviations from the expected results to ensure transparency. I am also open to feedback and suggestions from my team to improve the integrity of our research.
  
• 16. How do you manage your workload and prioritize tasks?
  A: I believe in setting realistic goals and deadlines for my projects. I prioritize tasks based on their urgency, complexity, and impact on the overall project. I also regularly assess my progress and adjust my priorities accordingly.
  
• 17. How do you handle failure or setbacks in your research?
  A: Failure and setbacks are a part of scientific research, and I approach them as learning opportunities. I assess the cause of the failure and brainstorm alternative approaches to achieve the desired result. I also seek support and feedback from my supervisor and team to improve my techniques and processes.
  
• 18. How do you handle a high-pressure situation in the lab?
  A: I stay calm and focused on the task at hand. I prioritize my tasks, make a plan, and seek support from my team members if needed. I also regularly practice time management and efficient lab techniques to avoid getting overwhelmed in high-pressure situations.
  
• 19. How do you incorporate diversity and inclusivity in your work environment?
  A: I believe in embracing diversity, as it brings a wide range of perspectives and experiences to the table. In my team, I actively listen to my colleagues from diverse backgrounds and appreciate their unique contributions. I also make sure to create a safe and inclusive space for everyone to voice their opinions.
  
• 20. What motivates you to pursue a career in molecular biology?
  A: Molecular biology is an ever-evolving field with endless possibilities to make groundbreaking discoveries. I am motivated by the potential impact my research can have on improving human health and the environment. I am also driven by the constant learning and challenges that come with being a molecular biology scientist.